Index: lams_tool_forum/src/java/org/lamsfoundation/lams/tool/forum/web/forms/MessageForm.java
===================================================================
diff -u -r98901fbfc777fa7907f4643646147c0c0286fa20 -r084f494736aefde70938e39eded1a334f0886e5f
--- lams_tool_forum/src/java/org/lamsfoundation/lams/tool/forum/web/forms/MessageForm.java	(.../MessageForm.java)	(revision 98901fbfc777fa7907f4643646147c0c0286fa20)
+++ lams_tool_forum/src/java/org/lamsfoundation/lams/tool/forum/web/forms/MessageForm.java	(.../MessageForm.java)	(revision 084f494736aefde70938e39eded1a334f0886e5f)
@@ -34,7 +34,8 @@
 import org.lamsfoundation.lams.util.MessageService;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
-import org.springframework.validation.Errors;
+import org.springframework.util.LinkedMultiValueMap;
+import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
 import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
 
 /**
@@ -73,23 +74,25 @@
      * MessageForm validation method from STRUCT interface.
      *
      */
-    public Errors validate(HttpServletRequest request, Errors errors) {
+    public MultiValueMap<String, String> validate(HttpServletRequest request) {
 
+	MultiValueMap<String, String> errorMap = new LinkedMultiValueMap<String, String>();
+
 	try {
 	    if (StringUtils.isBlank(message.getSubject())) {
-		errors.reject("message.subject", messageService.getMessage("error.subject.required"));
+		errorMap.add("message.subject", messageService.getMessage("error.subject.required"));
 	    }
 	    boolean isTestHarness = Boolean.valueOf(request.getParameter("testHarness"));
 	    if (!isTestHarness && StringUtils.isBlank(message.getBody())) {
-		errors.reject("message.body", messageService.getMessage("error.body.required"));
+		errorMap.add("message.body", messageService.getMessage("error.body.required"));
 	    }
 
 	    // validate item size
 	    boolean largeFile = true;
 	    if (request.getRequestURI().indexOf("/learning/") != -1) {
 		if ((this.getAttachmentFile() != null)
 			&& FileUtil.isExecutableFile(this.getAttachmentFile().getOriginalFilename())) {
-		    errors.reject("message.attachments", messageService.getMessage("error.attachment.executable"));
+		    errorMap.add("message.attachments", messageService.getMessage("error.attachment.executable"));
 		}
 		largeFile = false;
 	    }
@@ -99,7 +102,7 @@
 	} catch (Exception e) {
 	    MessageForm.logger.error("", e);
 	}
-	return errors;
+	return errorMap;
     }
 
     // -------------------------get/set methods----------------
Index: lams_tool_forum/web/jsps/authoring/message/create.jsp
===================================================================
diff -u -r98901fbfc777fa7907f4643646147c0c0286fa20 -r084f494736aefde70938e39eded1a334f0886e5f
--- lams_tool_forum/web/jsps/authoring/message/create.jsp	(.../create.jsp)	(revision 98901fbfc777fa7907f4643646147c0c0286fa20)
+++ lams_tool_forum/web/jsps/authoring/message/create.jsp	(.../create.jsp)	(revision 084f494736aefde70938e39eded1a334f0886e5f)
@@ -25,7 +25,15 @@
 			<div class="form-group">
 		    <label for="message.subject"><fmt:message key="message.label.subject" /> *</label>
 		    <form:input type="text" size="30" tabindex="1" path="message.subject" value="${message.subject}" maxlength="60" cssClass="form-control"/>
-		    <form:errors path="message.subject" />
+		    
+		    <c:set var="errorKey" value="message.subject" />
+	        <c:if test="${not empty errorMap and not empty errorMap[errorKey]}">
+	            <lams:Alert id="error" type="danger" close="false">
+	                <c:forEach var="error" items="${errorMap[errorKey]}">
+	                    <c:out value="${error}" />
+	                </c:forEach>
+	            </lams:Alert>
+	        </c:if>
 			</div>
 			
 			<div class="form-group">
@@ -35,14 +43,29 @@
 				<c:set var="body" value="${topicFormId.message.body}"/>
 			</c:if>
 			<lams:CKEditor id="message.body" value="${body}" contentFolderID="${sessionMap.contentFolderID}"/>
-			<form:errors path="message.body" />
+			<c:set var="errorKey" value="message.body" />
+	        <c:if test="${not empty errorMap and not empty errorMap[errorKey]}">
+	            <lams:Alert id="error" type="danger" close="false">
+	                <c:forEach var="error" items="${errorMap[errorKey]}">
+	                    <c:out value="${error}" />
+	                </c:forEach>
+	            </lams:Alert>
+	        </c:if>
 			</div>
 
 			<c:set var="itemAttachment" value="${topicFormId}" />
 			<div class="form-group">
 				<label for="attachmentFile"><fmt:message key="message.label.attachment" /></label>
 				<lams:FileUpload fileFieldname="attachmentFile" maxFileSize="${UPLOAD_FILE_MAX_SIZE_AS_USER_STRING}" tabindex="3" />
 				<form:errors path="message.attachments" />
+				<c:set var="errorKey" value="message.attachments" />
+		        <c:if test="${not empty errorMap and not empty errorMap[errorKey]}">
+		            <lams:Alert id="error" type="danger" close="false">
+		                <c:forEach var="error" items="${errorMap[errorKey]}">
+		                    <c:out value="${error}" />
+		                </c:forEach>
+		            </lams:Alert>
+		        </c:if>
 				<lams:WaitingSpinner id="itemAttachmentArea_Busy"/>
 			</div>
 
Index: lams_tool_forum/web/jsps/authoring/message/edit.jsp
===================================================================
diff -u -r9f988c0cf9ce45c8812158692f38e74688b96ea4 -r084f494736aefde70938e39eded1a334f0886e5f
--- lams_tool_forum/web/jsps/authoring/message/edit.jsp	(.../edit.jsp)	(revision 9f988c0cf9ce45c8812158692f38e74688b96ea4)
+++ lams_tool_forum/web/jsps/authoring/message/edit.jsp	(.../edit.jsp)	(revision 084f494736aefde70938e39eded1a334f0886e5f)
@@ -24,7 +24,15 @@
 			<div class="form-group">
 		    <label for="message.subject"><fmt:message key="message.label.subject" /> *</label>
 			<form:input type="text" size="30" tabindex="1" path="message.subject" value="${message.subject}" maxlength="60" cssClass="form-control"/>
-		    <form:errors path="message.subject" />
+		    
+		    <c:set var="errorKey" value="message.subject" />
+	        <c:if test="${not empty errorMap and not empty errorMap[errorKey]}">
+	            <lams:Alert id="error" type="danger" close="false">
+	                <c:forEach var="error" items="${errorMap[errorKey]}">
+	                    <c:out value="${error}" />
+	                </c:forEach>
+	            </lams:Alert>
+	        </c:if>
 			</div>
 			
 			<div class="form-group">
@@ -34,7 +42,14 @@
 				<c:set var="body" value="${topicFormId.message.body}"/>
 			</c:if>
 			<lams:CKEditor id="message.body" value="${body}" contentFolderID="${sessionMap.contentFolderID}" />
-			<form:errors path="message.body" />
+			<c:set var="errorKey" value="message.body" />
+	        <c:if test="${not empty errorMap and not empty errorMap[errorKey]}">
+	            <lams:Alert id="error" type="danger" close="false">
+	                <c:forEach var="error" items="${errorMap[errorKey]}">
+	                    <c:out value="${error}" />
+	                </c:forEach>
+	            </lams:Alert>
+	        </c:if>
 			</div>
 
 			<c:set var="itemAttachment" value="${topicFormId}" />
Index: lams_tool_forum/web/jsps/learning/message/bodyarea.jsp
===================================================================
diff -u -r9f9856694477e89825d83841398b3571c8e90607 -r084f494736aefde70938e39eded1a334f0886e5f
--- lams_tool_forum/web/jsps/learning/message/bodyarea.jsp	(.../bodyarea.jsp)	(revision 9f9856694477e89825d83841398b3571c8e90607)
+++ lams_tool_forum/web/jsps/learning/message/bodyarea.jsp	(.../bodyarea.jsp)	(revision 084f494736aefde70938e39eded1a334f0886e5f)
@@ -167,4 +167,11 @@
 	</div> <!-- end row -->
 	</c:if>
 	
-	<form:errors path="message.body" />
+	<c:set var="errorKey" value="message.body" />
+	        <c:if test="${not empty errorMap and not empty errorMap[errorKey]}">
+	            <lams:Alert id="error" type="danger" close="false">
+	                <c:forEach var="error" items="${errorMap[errorKey]}">
+	                    <c:out value="${error}" />
+	                </c:forEach>
+	            </lams:Alert>
+	        </c:if>s
Index: lams_tool_forum/web/jsps/learning/message/topiceditform.jsp
===================================================================
diff -u -ra34124084b91153f8cbe0720a88be1a8e0ae1e88 -r084f494736aefde70938e39eded1a334f0886e5f
--- lams_tool_forum/web/jsps/learning/message/topiceditform.jsp	(.../topiceditform.jsp)	(revision a34124084b91153f8cbe0720a88be1a8e0ae1e88)
+++ lams_tool_forum/web/jsps/learning/message/topiceditform.jsp	(.../topiceditform.jsp)	(revision 084f494736aefde70938e39eded1a334f0886e5f)
@@ -4,6 +4,14 @@
     <label><fmt:message key="message.label.subject" />&nbsp;</label>
     <form:input size="50" tabindex="1" value="${message.subject}" path="message.subject" maxlength="60"/> &nbsp;
 	<form:errors path="message.subject" />
+	<c:set var="errorKey" value="message.subject" />
+	        <c:if test="${not empty errorMap and not empty errorMap[errorKey]}">
+	            <lams:Alert id="error" type="danger" close="false">
+	                <c:forEach var="error" items="${errorMap[errorKey]}">
+	                    <c:out value="${error}" />
+	                </c:forEach>
+	            </lams:Alert>
+	        </c:if>
 </div>
 
 <div class="form-group">
Index: lams_tool_forum/web/jsps/learning/message/topicform.jsp
===================================================================
diff -u -r9f9856694477e89825d83841398b3571c8e90607 -r084f494736aefde70938e39eded1a334f0886e5f
--- lams_tool_forum/web/jsps/learning/message/topicform.jsp	(.../topicform.jsp)	(revision 9f9856694477e89825d83841398b3571c8e90607)
+++ lams_tool_forum/web/jsps/learning/message/topicform.jsp	(.../topicform.jsp)	(revision 084f494736aefde70938e39eded1a334f0886e5f)
@@ -3,7 +3,14 @@
 <div class="form-group">
     <label><fmt:message key="message.label.subject" />&nbsp;</label>
     <form:input size="50" tabindex="1" value="${message.subject}" path="message.subject" maxlength="60"/> &nbsp;
-	<form:errors path="message.subject" />
+	 <c:set var="errorKey" value="message.subject" />
+	        <c:if test="${not empty errorMap and not empty errorMap[errorKey]}">
+	            <lams:Alert id="error" type="danger" close="false">
+	                <c:forEach var="error" items="${errorMap[errorKey]}">
+	                    <c:out value="${error}" />
+	                </c:forEach>
+	            </lams:Alert>
+	        </c:if>
 </div>
 
 <div class="form-group">
@@ -15,9 +22,14 @@
 	<div class="form-group">
 		<label><fmt:message key="message.label.attachment" /></label><BR/>
 		<lams:FileUpload fileFieldname="attachmentFile" maxFileSize="${sessionMap.uploadMaxFileSize}" tabindex="3" />
-		<form:errors path="message.attachments" />
-	</div>
-</c:if>
+		<c:set var="errorKey" value="message.attachments" />
+		        <c:if test="${not empty errorMap and not empty errorMap[errorKey]}">
+		            <lams:Alert id="error" type="danger" close="false">
+		                <c:forEach var="error" items="${errorMap[errorKey]}">
+		                    <c:out value="${error}" />
+		                </c:forEach>
+		            </lams:Alert>
+		        </c:if>
 
 <c:set var="backToForum">
 	<lams:WebAppURL />learning/viewForum.do?toolSessionID=${sessionMap.toolSessionID}&hideReflection=${sessionMap.hideReflection}
Index: lams_tool_forum/web/jsps/learning/message/topicreplyform.jsp
===================================================================
diff -u -ra34124084b91153f8cbe0720a88be1a8e0ae1e88 -r084f494736aefde70938e39eded1a334f0886e5f
--- lams_tool_forum/web/jsps/learning/message/topicreplyform.jsp	(.../topicreplyform.jsp)	(revision a34124084b91153f8cbe0720a88be1a8e0ae1e88)
+++ lams_tool_forum/web/jsps/learning/message/topicreplyform.jsp	(.../topicreplyform.jsp)	(revision 084f494736aefde70938e39eded1a334f0886e5f)
@@ -4,7 +4,14 @@
 	<label><fmt:message key="message.label.subject" />&nbsp;</label>&nbsp;
 	<form:input cssClass="form-control" tabindex="1" path="message.subject" value="${message.subject}" maxlength="60" />
 	&nbsp;
-	<form:errors path="message.subject" />
+	 <c:set var="errorKey" value="message.subject" />
+	        <c:if test="${not empty errorMap and not empty errorMap[errorKey]}">
+	            <lams:Alert id="error" type="danger" close="false">
+	                <c:forEach var="error" items="${errorMap[errorKey]}">
+	                    <c:out value="${error}" />
+	                </c:forEach>
+	            </lams:Alert>
+	        </c:if>
 </div>
 <div class="form-group">
 	<label><fmt:message key="message.label.body" /> *</label><BR />
@@ -14,7 +21,14 @@
 
 	<div class="form-group">
  		<lams:FileUpload fileFieldname="attachmentFile" maxFileSize="${sessionMap.uploadMaxFileSize}" tabindex="3" />
- 		<form:errors path="message.attachments" />
+ 		<c:set var="errorKey" value="message.attachments" />
+		        <c:if test="${not empty errorMap and not empty errorMap[errorKey]}">
+		            <lams:Alert id="error" type="danger" close="false">
+		                <c:forEach var="error" items="${errorMap[errorKey]}">
+		                    <c:out value="${error}" />
+		                </c:forEach>
+		            </lams:Alert>
+		        </c:if>
 	</div>
 	
 	<lams:WaitingSpinner id="itemAttachmentArea_Busy"/>